From New World Encyclopedia
Yazid bin Muawiyah (Arabic: يزيد بن معاويه) (c. 645 – 683), also called Yazid the Tyrant, was the sixth caliph of Islam, the second of the Umayyad line; he succeeded his father Muawiyah. He died suddenly in 683, after only three years of rule.
Yazid remains one of the most divisive and controversial figures in Islamic history. He is annually vilified in Shi'a ceremonies. Nor is he any more popular among Sunnis. Although most recognize the legitimacy of his caliphate, they also revile him for killing Muhammad's grandson, for the laxity of his lifestyle, and for his indifference to the values of Islam.
Following his father's establishment of the first dynastic caliphate, Yazid for Sunnis represents a falling away from the ideal governance of the first four rightly guided caliphs.
The tragedy at Karbala is one of the saddest and most regrettable events of all Islamic history. Instead of the caliphate being understood as a divine trusteeship, it became the personal possession of the caliph, instead of temporal and spiritual values being balanced the former dominated at the expense of the latter.
For those for whom history is understood in terms of movement towards or away from upholding the values that God wants humanity to cherish, Yazid represents a movement away from the ideal.
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